Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Ntawm Hluav Taws Xob Relay Sib Txuas Tshuab: Hom qauv, cov cuab yeej tsis ua haujlwm, thiab kev ntseeg tau zoo tshaj plaws

Lub relay yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los tswj cov circuits; nws tswj cov kev sib txuas thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev tswj qhov qhib thiab kaw ntawm kev sib cuag. Relays ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov lub teeb liab, kev tswj tam sim no, thiab kev sib cais hluav taws xob thoob plaws ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog kev tswj hwm kev lag luam, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lub zog tshiab tsheb, thiab cov tshuab automation.

Raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib lub relay uas ncaj qha pab txhawb kev sib kis tam sim no, kev sib cuag tau ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub neej kev pab cuam, kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov, thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub cev. Yam xws li cov ntaub ntawv sib cuag, hluav taws xob loads, kev khiav hauj lwm zaus, ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob, hu rau tus qauv, thiab txhua yam ua hauj lwm yam ntxwv tag nrho cov cuam tshuam relay kev cia siab rau.

Yog tias kev tiv tauj tsim lossis daim ntawv thov tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, cov teeb meem xws li kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntau ntxiv, kev tiv thaiv kev yaig, kev sib cuag vuam, hlau tsiv teb tsaws, thiab tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam zoo yuav tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tiv tauj, kev sib piv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev thauj khoom, thiab kev tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab zoo thaum lub sij hawm tsim thiab siv cov txheej txheem relay.

Nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm ib tug electromagnetic relay, kev sib cuag feem ntau tsim ib tug ua tiav actuation system nrog rau cov hlau core thiab electromagnetic kauj. Cov tub ntxhais relay-ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov hlau nplaum uas xav tau rau kev hloov pauv, muaj cov khoom sib nqus uas cuam tshuam rau qhov relay qhov ceev thiab ruaj khov. High- daim ntawv thov kev ntseeg siab feem ntau xav tau kev siv siab- cov ntaub ntawv sib nqus zoo (xws li cov khoom tshwj xeeb relay sib nqus hlau cores) kom txo qis sib nqus thiab txhim kho cov lus teb.

Raws li lawv cov kev khiav hauj lwm lub xeev thiab kev sib txuas txoj kev, relay hu feem ntau categorized rau hauv peb hom: ib txwm qhib kev sib cuag, ib txwm kaw kev sib cuag, thiab changeover (hloov) hu.

1. Nquag Qhib Hu

Ib txwm qhib kev sib cuag tseem nyob hauv lub xeev qhib (tsis txuas) thaum lub relay coil yog de-energized. Thaum lub coil tau txais kev tswj tam sim no, lub tshuab hluav taws xob electromagnetic tsim kom muaj lub zog txaus nyiam uas ua rau cov qauv siv tshuab, kaw qhov kev sib cuag thiab ua tiav lub voj voog.

Hom kev sib cuag no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas hluav taws xob tsuas yog tom qab lub relay tau ua haujlwm, xws li kev tswj lub cev muaj zog, hloov hluav taws xob, thiab kev lag luam khoom siv.

2. Nquag kaw kev sib cuag

Ib qho kev sib txuas uas ib txwm raug kaw tseem raug kaw thaum lub relay nyob rau hauv de- lub zog muaj zog. Thaum lub coil yog energized, qhov kev sib cuag qhib, yog li rhuav tshem cov tswj Circuit Court. Qhov kev teeb tsa no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, kev saib xyuas hluav taws xob, thiab lub tswb tsis ua haujlwm, piv txwv li, siv lub relay los txiav qhov kev khiav hauj lwm Circuit Court thaum cov khoom siv tsis raug.

3. Hloov- hla kev sib cuag

Ib qho kev hloov pauv- dhau kev sib cuag feem ntau muaj peb lub davhlau ya nyob twg: lub davhlau ya nyob twg ib txwm qhib (NO) lub davhlau ya nyob twg, thiab ib txwm kaw (NC) lub davhlau ya nyob twg. Relay actuation enables switching ntawm ob sib txawv circuits.

Qhov kev teeb tsa no txhim kho daim ntawv thov kom yooj yim thiab siv dav hauv cov tshuab tswj tsis siv neeg, cov cuab yeej ntsuas, thiab cov tswj kev lag luam.

Cov ntaub ntawv tiv tauj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev txiav txim siab relay kev ntseeg tau. Vim tias cov neeg sib cuag yuav tsum tiv taus lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntev, qhov cuam tshuam thermal ntawm tam sim no, thiab hluav taws xob arcing, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj hluav taws xob zoo heev, hnav tsis kam, oxidation tsis kam, thiab siab - kub stability.

Cov khoom siv sib txuas sib txuas muaj xws li nyiaj alloys, nyiaj -nickel alloys, silver-tin oxide, thiab cov ntaub ntawv hlau sib xyaw.

Nyiaj-raws li cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev tiv thaiv qis thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo heev, ua rau lawv haum rau qis-voltage thiab qis- rau- nruab nrab daim ntawv thov tam sim no; nyiaj- cov ntaub ntawv tin oxide muab cov khoom siv arc zoo dua, ua rau lawv haum rau siab dua -load puag ncig.

Nyob rau hauv lub electromagnetic drive seem ntawm relay, cov khoom tseem ceeb kuj cuam tshuam kev ua tau zoo tag nrho. Piv txwv li, DT4C AC relay hlau tub ntxhais yog tsim los ntawm qis- carbon ntshiab hlau; Nws nta siab sib nqus permeability thiab qis coercivity, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau AC relay magnetic circuit structures.

Rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab sib nqus, DT4C soft magnetic hlau core muab kev sib nqus sib nqus flux ruaj khov, yog li txhim kho kev ntseeg siab ntawm relay actuation.

1. Muaj kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, qhov qis -kuj conductive txoj kev yog tsim thaum relay hu ze. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide, plua plav, cov kab mob, thiab cov khoom hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw sib chwv ua rau ntsuas kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Raws li tam sim no ntws tsis tu ncua los ntawm kev sib cuag, Joule cua sov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw sib cuag, tsa qhov kub thiab txias. Yog tias qhov tam sim no dhau qhov kev txwv tsim, cov khoom tiv tauj yuav muag muag, deform, lossis txawm tias yaj, ua rau kev poob qis ntxiv hauv kev sib cuag.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw sib cuag tau raug huab cua nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev yuav ua rau muaj oxide lossis cov kab mob paug; qhov no ua rau kom cov yeeb yaj kiab tsis kam, ua rau kev sib cuag tsis ruaj khov.

2. Tiv tauj rau kev nplaum thiab vuam

Kev tiv thaiv feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv siab -tam sim no, siab - qhov chaw ua haujlwm kub.

Thaum muaj kev sib cuag, qhov chaw sib txuas tsawg ua rau tam sim no mloog zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus microscopic, ua rau muaj qhov kub thiab txias hauv zos. Yog hais tias qhov kub thiab txias tshaj cov khoom softening los yog melting point, metallic bonding tej zaum yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw tiv tauj, tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev sib cais kom zoo.

Kev sib cuag vuam yog feem ntau categorized rau hauv static vuam thiab dynamic vuam.

Cov vuam zoo li qub feem ntau tshwm sim thaum cov neeg raug kaw; Thaum tshav kub kub generated los ntawm kev nruam tam sim no ua rau cov ntaub ntawv yaj thiab fuse.

Dynamic vuam tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm hu ua actuation txheej txheem; Cov cua kub hnyav uas tsim los ntawm hluav taws xob arc tsim ib tus choj ntawm cov hlau molten ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag, thaum kawg ua rau cov neeg sib cuag.

3. Arc Erosion

Thaum lub relay tswj inductive loads, xws li motors, solenoid li qub, los yog coil -raws li cov khoom, ib tug rov qab electromotive quab yuam (rov qab-EMF) yog generated thaum lub sij hawm lub Circuit Court tawg.

Ib qho hluav taws xob arc tsim thaum qhov hluav taws xob hla cov neeg sib cuag tshaj qhov dielectric zog ntawm huab cua. Qhov kub siab uas tsim los ntawm lub arc ua rau cov khoom sib txuas mus rau vaporize, yaj, thiab tawg, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau qhov chaw sib cuag.

Arc erosion manifests nyob rau hauv ob hom:

Thawj yog cov khoom vaporization. Thaum lub zog arc yog concentrated rau ntawm qhov chaw sib chwv, cov khoom siv hlau hloov los ntawm cov khoom hauv lub xeev mus rau cov kua lossis txawm tias lub xeev gaseous thiab ploj ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag.

Qhov thib ob yog kua hlau spatter. Nyob rau hauv siab -cov xwm txheej tam sim no, cov hlau molten yog ua los ntawm electromagnetic rog, thermal stresses, thiab nto nro, ua rau nws tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag hauv daim ntawv me me.

Txhawm rau txo cov teebmeem ntawm arcing, cov ntawv thov siv tau feem ntau siv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv xws li diodes, RC snubber circuits, lossis varistors.

Thaum lub sij hawm ntev - lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug relay, cov ntaub ntawv hloov tsheb tshwm sim ntawm ob tug neeg.

Vim yog yam xws li arcing, tam sim no ceev, electromagnetic rog, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv, cov khoom ntawm ib qho kev sib cuag yuav maj mam hloov mus rau lwm qhov. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm kev sib cuag thickness, nto pitting, lossis txo qhov kev sib cuag siab.

Yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev tsiv teb tsaws hlau muaj xws li:

Lub melting point ntawm cov khoom sib cuag;
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob conductivity;
Lub sijhawm arc;
Kev ua haujlwm tam sim no;

Tiv tauj qhov ntev thiab cov qauv tsim. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau xyuas kom ntev - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ruaj khov, siab - kev ntseeg siab relays feem ntau xav tau kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, txhim kho cov txheej txheem kho saum npoo, thiab kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm kev sib cuag.

Txhawm rau txuas ntxiv kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm relays, kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua raws li hom kev thauj khoom tshwj xeeb.

1. Inductive Load Protection

Inductive loads-xws li motors, solenoid li qub, thiab electromagnetic coils-ua kom muaj qhov hluav taws xob rov qab siab thaum lub Circuit Court cuam tshuam.

Voltage spikes tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm kev txhim kho cov khoom tiv thaiv thoob plaws lub coil terminals. Piv txwv muaj xws li:

Kev tiv thaiv diode;
Zener diode tiv thaiv;
RC snubber circuits;
Kev tiv thaiv Varistor.

Cov kev ntsuas no txo ​​lub zog arc ntawm kev sib cuag, yog li txo qis kev sib cuag yaig.

2. Kev Tswj Xyuas Ib puag ncig

Relay kev sib cuag feem ntau raug rau qhov chaw nyuaj; yam xws li av noo, plua plav, thiab corrosive gases tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev sib cuag lub neej.

Yog li ntawd, siab - daim ntawv thov kev ntseeg siab yuav tsum tau kaw cov qauv tsim thiab cov khoom siv- raws li kev tiv thaiv kom txo tau qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig.

Relay kev ua tau zoo nyob ntawm tsis yog ntawm cov qauv kev sib cuag nkaus xwb tab sis kuj tseem txuas nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.

Thaum lub electromagnetic coil generates ib magnetic teb, cov tub ntxhais hlau concentrates lub magnetic flux thiab pab txhawb kev hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv txhua yam kev ua. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom tseem ceeb yuav tsum muaj siab sib nqus permeability thiab qis -cov yam ntxwv poob.

Piv txwv muaj xws li:

Mos hlau cores haum rau electromagnetic coil magnetic circuit structures;

Ncaj coil cores tsim los txhim kho kev sib nqus hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv;

Txias- taub hau ntshiab hlau cores uas ua tau raws li siab - cov txheej txheem cov txheej txheem los ntawm cov txheej txheem txias -;

Ntshiab hlau cores haum rau relay Cheebtsam uas yuav tsum tau ruaj khov magnetic kev ua tau zoo.

Rau cov kev siv xws li lub zog tshiab tsheb thiab siab -voltage tswj systems, relay cores yuav tsum tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis rau kev tuav tam sim no siab, muaj kev ntseeg siab, thiab ntev - lub sij hawm cyclic ua hauj lwm.

Niaj hnub nimno relay manufacturing siv precision txias- nqe lus, machining, electroplating, thiab deg kho technologies los txhim kho qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tseeb thiab corrosion kuj. Piv txwv li, npib tsib xee plating nrog tooj liab undercoat txhim kho kev tiv thaiv saum npoo thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntev - kev ntseeg tau.

Tsav los ntawm kev nce qib hauv lub zog tshiab, tsheb hluav taws xob, thiab kev tsim khoom ntse, relays tau hloov mus rau qhov hluav taws xob siab, siab tam sim no, miniaturization, thiab kev ntseeg siab.

High -voltage roj teeb systems nyob rau hauv lub zog tshiab tsheb yuav tsum tau ntau relays los tswj fais fab kev twb kev txuas, disconnection, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb; yog li ntawd, muaj cov kev cai nruj ntxiv txog kev tiv thaiv arc tiv thaiv thiab cov khoom ruaj khov.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txhim kho ntawm lub zog khaws cia, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab kev tswj hwm kev lag luam automation yog tsav kev txhim kho ntawm relays mus rau kev pab cuam lub neej ntev dua thiab qis zog poob.

Kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis yav tom ntej rau cov relays yuav tsom rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm:

Txhim kho qhov ablation tsis kam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib cuag;

Optimizing electromagnetic system efficiency;

Txo kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv;

Txhim kho siab -voltage DC hloov peev xwm;

Ua kom muaj peev xwm saib xyuas kev txawj ntse.

Hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv siab -kev ua tau zoo relays, cov khoom sib nqus mos mos- xws li DT4C hlau nplaum hlau cores - yuav txuas ntxiv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb los ntawm kev muab cov khoom sib nqus ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.

Raws li cov tsheb tshiab lub zog thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntse tau nce mus sai, kev sib txuas lus sib txuas tsim, cov qauv hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau kev ntseeg siab thiab ua haujlwm zoo dua. Saib tom ntej, siab -kev ua tau zoo txias- mus rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem raurelay coresthiab daim ntawv thov ntawm mos magnetic ntshiab hlau core cov ntaub ntawv yuav ntxiv tsav txoj kev loj hlob ntawm relays mus rau ntau dua stability thiab precision.